The enormous problems Nepal faces at present. did not appear suddenly, but were under the surface for a long time. Any hope that Nepali society will emerge from these problems overnight will be in vain. But there is hope.

So what has to be done? To reach to a durable peace it is not enough to come to terms with the Maoists. It is instead necessary that the root cause of the problems in Nepali society has to be analyzed and treated. If we want a Nepal which is prosperous, civilized, peaceful, and fully democratic based on a society espousing the values of equality and freedom, we must be prepared to bring about drastic change in the foundation of Nepali society. Why?

Since the Sugauli treaty, the Nepalese socio - economic structure has been semi- feudal and semi-colonial, which presents the biggest obstacle for the progress of society. Our ruling class from the so-called high caste strata of Nepalese society is a rather tiny one. Our middle class is weak. But the down trodden are many.
If we continue to desist tackling the severe poverty, high unemployment, rampant corruption, bad governance and discrimination against untouchables and other oppressed ethnic groups, then it is possible that also they may launch hostilities against the state.
Although these people share a large percentage of the population, they have been oppressed and exploited since long in respect to their culture, language, politics and economy. If we look at the share of these oppressed ethnic groups in high level politics, in the armed forces, in bureaucracy, in the academic field, in key financial sectors and in other leading sectors of nation, the answer is nominal.

What can be expected from a better distribution of power within the different classes?
Proper representation of all ethnic groups in every aspect of society is needed to reach a long lasting peace and following a positive overall development in Nepal
It’s no secret that in any state the socio-economic structure is the base or foundation of a society, while politics, culture, economy, etc., are structures built on that base. There is an interaction between the base and the deriving political, cultural and economical structures and the influence goes in both ways.
Due to the unhealthy base of Nepalese society, culture, politics, economy, etc. are distorted
Rampant corruption, bad governance, poverty, unemployment, inequality based on discrimination against various oppressed ethnic groups derive from the lack in a healthy foundation. This unhealthy foundation is one of the reasons that Nepal is one of the least developed, poorest countries in the world.
While most of the blame goes to various political leaders or policy makers the Nepalese ruling class has never really tried to bring about the needed changes. The possible forthcoming negotiations between Maoists and government may help to address the root cause.
If the backward socio-economic structure is replaced by one, which is conducive to the interests of the majority of the population, then there might be hope that the present chaos can be turned around into a long lasting peace. From there we could start to develop the way our neighbors in the north and the south are going actually.